make-debian-look-like-ubuntu/make-debian-look-like-ubuntu.sh

#!/bin/bash

# Title: make-debian-look-like-ubuntu.sh
# Description: This script performs all necessary steps to make a Debian Gnome desktop look like an Ubuntu desktop. Also it installs flatpak with flathub.org repository enabled and Firefox from there.
# Author: DeltaLima
# Date: 21.06.2023
# Version: 1.0
# Usage: bash make-debian-look-like-ubuntu.sh
# 
# Copyright 2023 DeltaLima
# 
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# 
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# 
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
# 
#

arguments="$@"

# define the $packages[] array
declare -A packages

# the first three array entries are numbered because they have to be ordered

# install base desktop stuff
packages[0-base]="plymouth ecryptfs-utils curl wget python-is-python3" 

# install desktop base
packages[1-desktop-base]="ttf-mscorefonts-installer fonts-ubuntu fonts-ubuntu-console fonts-liberation2
fonts-noto-core fonts-dejavu fonts-hack
flatpak flatpak-xdg-utils gnome-software-plugin-flatpak network-manager-openvpn-gnome brasero
dconf-editor thunderbird"

# install gnome base
packages[2-desktop-gnome]="gnome-shell-extension-manager gnome-tweaks gnome-shell-extensions 
gnome-shell-extension-desktop-icons-ng gnome-shell-extension-dashtodock
gnome-shell-extension-appindicator gnome-shell-extension-system-monitor 
gnome-shell-extension-panel-osd 
yaru-theme-gnome-shell yaru-theme-gtk yaru-theme-icon yaru-theme-sound
yaru-theme-unity"

# if you want to add for automation purposes your own packages, just add another array field, like
#packages[4-my-packages]="shutter solaar steam-installer chromium dosbox gimp vlc audacity keepassxc audacious nextcloud-desktop"


# colors for colored output 8)
RED="\e[31m"
GREEN="\e[32m"
YELLOW="\e[33m"
ENDCOLOR="\e[0m"

function message() {
     case $1 in
     warn)
       MESSAGE_TYPE="${YELLOW}WARN${ENDCOLOR}"
     ;;
     error)
       MESSAGE_TYPE="${RED}ERROR${ENDCOLOR}"
     ;;
     info|*)
       MESSAGE_TYPE="${GREEN}INFO${ENDCOLOR}"
     ;;
     esac

     if [ "$1" == "info" ] || [ "$1" == "warn" ] || [ "$1" == "error" ]
     then
       MESSAGE=$2
     else
       MESSAGE=$1
     fi

     echo -e "[${MESSAGE_TYPE}] $MESSAGE"
}

error () 
{
  message error "ERROR!!"
  exit 1
}

confirm_continue()
{
  message warn "Type '${GREEN}yes${ENDCOLOR}' and hit [ENTER] to continue"
  read -p "=> " continue
  if [ "$continue" != "yes" ] 
  then
    message error "Installation aborted."
    exit 1
  fi
}

###

if [ "$(whoami)" == "root" ]
then message error "I cannot run as root"
error
fi

if [ -z "$arguments" ]
then
  package_categories="${!packages[@]}"
else
  package_categories="$@"
fi

# sort the category list, some of them have to be in order
package_categories="$(echo $package_categories | xargs -n1 | sort | xargs)"
message "Welcome to ${GREEN}make-debian-look-like-ubuntu${ENDCOLOR}!"
message ""
message "This script makes a fresh Debian-Gnome installation to look like"
message "an Ubuntu Gnome installation. Settings are applied for the user"
message "running this script (${YELLOW}${USER}${ENDCOLOR})".
message ""
message "Your user has to be in the 'sudo' group."
message "If not, the script will guide you."
message ""
message "The process is divided into following steps:"
message "${YELLOW}$package_categories${ENDCOLOR}"
message ""
message "If you want, you can run only a few of them, e.g. just '${YELLOW}2-desktop-gnome${ENDCOLOR}':"
message " ${YELLOW}bash $0 2-desktop-gnome${ENDCOLOR}"
message ""
message warn "Some files, like gtk settings, get overwritten without asking."
message warn "If this is not a fresh installation, make a backup first!"
message ""
confirm_continue

message "Continue with installation..."

if ! groups | grep sudo > /dev/null
then
  message error "Your user $USER is not in group 'sudo'."
  message error "Add your user to the group with:"
  message error " ${YELLOW}su -c \"/usr/sbin/usermod -aG sudo ${USER}\"${ENDCOLOR}"
  message error "after that, you need to reboot."
  error
fi
message "check sources.list"
if ! ( ( grep "contrib" /etc/apt/sources.list > /dev/null ) && ( grep -E " non-free( |$)" /etc/apt/sources.list > /dev/null ) )
then
  message warn "I need 'contrib' and 'non-free' in sources.ist, I will deploy my own"
  confirm_continue
  message "backup old sources.list to /etc/apt/sources.list.bak"
  sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.$(date "+%s")bak
  cat << EOF | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

# bookworm-updates, to get updates before a point release is made;
# see https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-reference/ch02.en.html#_updates_and_backports
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
EOF

  message "apt update"
  sudo apt update
fi


# iterate through $packages
for category in $package_categories
do
  message "Packages category: ${YELLOW}${category}${ENDCOLOR}"
  message "Packages contained: "
  message "${GREEN}${packages[$category]}${ENDCOLOR}"
  
  message "running pre-tasks"
  # pre installation steps for categories
  case $category in
    nice)
      sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386 || error
      sudo apt update || error
      ;;
  esac
  
  # package installation #
  message "installing packages"
  sudo apt install -y ${packages[$category]} || error
  
  message "running post-tasks"
  # post installation steps for categories
  case $category in
    0-base)
      message "sed default grub option"
      sudo sed -i 's/GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=.*$/GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=\"quiet splash\"/g' /etc/default/grub || error
      sudo update-grub
      ;;

    1-desktop-base)
      message "add flathub.org flatpak repository"
      sudo flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo || error
      
      # here was also com.github.GradienceTeam.Gradience included installed, but not needed
      # anymore - i found the relevant ~/.config/gtk-{3,4}.0/gtk.css file ;) 
      message "install firefox flatpak"
      sudo flatpak install org.mozilla.firefox || error
      message "set firefox flatpak to default"
      xdg-settings set default-web-browser org.mozilla.firefox.desktop 
      
      message "linking ~/.mozilla to flatpak env"
      mkdir -p $HOME/.mozilla
      mkdir -p $HOME/.var/app/org.mozilla.firefox/
      ln -s $HOME/.mozilla $HOME/.var/app/org.mozilla.firefox/.mozilla
      
      message "apply font fix for firefox flatpak"
      mkdir -p $HOME/.var/app/org.mozilla.firefox/config/fontconfig/
      cat << EOF > $HOME/.var/app/org.mozilla.firefox/config/fontconfig/fonts.conf
<?xml version='1.0'?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM 'fonts.dtd'>
<fontconfig>
    <!-- Disable bitmap fonts. -->
    <selectfont><rejectfont><pattern>
        <patelt name="scalable"><bool>false</bool></patelt>
    </pattern></rejectfont></selectfont>
</fontconfig>
EOF
      
      # fix big cursor issue in qt apps
      message "Set XCURSOR_SIZE=24 in /etc/environment to fix Big cursor bug in QT"
      grep "XCURSOR_SIZE" /etc/environment || echo "XCURSOR_SIZE=24" | sudo tee -a /etc/environment > /dev/null
      ;;

    2-desktop-gnome)
    
      message "allow user-extensions"
      gsettings set org.gnome.shell disable-user-extensions false
      
      message "enable gnome shell extensions"
      gnome-extensions enable ubuntu-appindicators@ubuntu.com
      gnome-extensions enable panel-osd@berend.de.schouwer.gmail.com
      gnome-extensions enable user-theme@gnome-shell-extensions.gcampax.github.com
      gnome-extensions enable dash-to-dock@micxgx.gmail.com
      gnome-extensions enable ding@rastersoft.com
      
      message "apply settings for dash-to-dock"
      # dash-to-dock
      gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock autohide-in-fullscreen false
      gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock background-opacity 0.64000000000000001
      gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock click-action 'focus-or-previews'
      gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock custom-theme-shrink true
      gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock dash-max-icon-size 42
      gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock dock-fixed true
      gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock dock-position 'LEFT'
      gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock extend-height true
      gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock show-apps-at-top true
      gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock transparency-mode 'FIXED'
      gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock running-indicator-style 'DOTS'
      gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock icon-size-fixed true
      
      
      message "apply settings for gnome desktop"
      # desktop
      gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/dune-l.svg'
      gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri-dark 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/dune-d.svg'
      gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background show-desktop-icons true
      gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background primary-color '#E66100'
      gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface color-scheme 'prefer-dark'
      gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences button-layout 'close,minimize,maximize:appmenu'
      gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface enable-hot-corners true
      gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface font-antialiasing 'grayscale'
      gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface font-hinting 'slight'
      gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface font-name 'Ubuntu 11'
      gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface monospace-font-name 'Ubuntu Mono 13'
      gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface document-font-name 'Sans 11'
      gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences titlebar-font 'Ubuntu Bold 11'
      gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface cursor-theme 'Yaru'
      gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface gtk-theme 'Yaru-dark'
      gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface icon-theme 'Yaru-dark'
      gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.user-theme name 'Yaru-dark'

      # gtk-3.0 and gtk-4.0 settings
      message "setting gtk-3.0 and gtk-4.0 default to dark"
      mkdir -p $HOME/.config/gtk-{3,4}.0
      cat << EOF | tee $HOME/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini > $HOME/.config/gtk-4.0/settings.ini
[Settings]
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme=1
EOF

      # apply adwaita gtk-3.0 and gtk-4.0 orange accent color
      message "setting gtk-3.0 and gtk-4.0 accent color to orange"
      cat << EOF | tee $HOME/.config/gtk-3.0/gtk.css > $HOME/.config/gtk-4.0/gtk.css
@define-color accent_color #ffbe6f;
@define-color accent_bg_color #e66100;
@define-color accent_fg_color #ffffff;
EOF

      # replace firefox-esr with flatpak in dock
      message "replace firefox-esr with flatpak in dock"
      gsettings get org.gnome.shell favorite-apps | grep "org.mozilla.firefox.desktop" > /dev/null ||
      gsettings set org.gnome.shell favorite-apps "$(gsettings get  org.gnome.shell favorite-apps  | sed 's/firefox-esr\.desktop/org\.mozilla\.firefox\.desktop/')"

      # replace evolution with thunderbird in dock
      message "replace evolution with thunderbird in dock"
      gsettings get org.gnome.shell favorite-apps | grep "thunderbird.desktop" > /dev/null ||
      gsettings set org.gnome.shell favorite-apps "$(gsettings get  org.gnome.shell favorite-apps  | sed 's/org\.gnome\.Evolution\.desktop/thunderbird\.desktop/')"

      # replace yelp with settings in dock
      message "replace yelp with settings in dock"
      gsettings get org.gnome.shell favorite-apps | grep "org.gnome.Settings.desktop" > /dev/null ||
      gsettings set org.gnome.shell favorite-apps "$(gsettings get  org.gnome.shell favorite-apps  | sed 's/yelp\.desktop/org\.gnome\.Settings\.desktop/')"
      ;;
  esac
  
done

message "${GREEN}DONE!!${ENDCOLOR}"
message warn "${RED}IMPORTANT!! ${YELLOW}Rerun this script again after a reboot, if this is the first run of it!${ENDCOLOR}"